PRETERM NEONATES ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR DYSBIOSIS
Preterm infants face challenges that adversely affect the developing microbiome1-3
DYSBIOSIS CAN ADVERSELY IMPACT THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HEALTHY MICROBIOME4-6
Dysbiosis: consequences and long-reaching implications
Reducing the risk of dysbiosis5
Probiotics have shown to significantly improve outcomes, based on more than 25 reviews and meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) involving nearly 12,000 infants7
Benefits of probiotics on NEC5
Benefits of probiotics on feeding intolerance8
Position Paper | Objective | Design | Population | Probiotic Used | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Athalye-Jape, et al 2014 | Determine effects of probiotics on all-cause mortality, morbidity, and feeding intolerance | Over 25 systematic reviews and meta-analysis of RCTs and non-RCTs | ≈12,000 premature infants* * From RCTs. | Varied according to study and included both single and multiple strains | Significant reduction on risk of all-cause mortality, NEC, late onset sepsis, and feeding intolerance |
Study | Objective | Design | Clinical characteristics | Probiotic used | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hoyos 1999 | Determine effect of probiotics on incidence of NEC | Observational, interventional study | 1237 newborns <37 completed weeks’ gestation and weighing <2750 g | Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus; containing half a billion colony-forming units (CFU) given daily | Significant decrease in NEC |
Bin-Nun, et al 2005 | Determine effect of probiotics on incidence and severity of NEC | Prospective, randomized, controlled study | 145 preterm neonates <30 weeks’ gestation and weighing <1500 g | Bifidobacterium infantis, Streptococcus thermophilis, Bifidobacterium lactis; containing 1 billion CFU given daily | Significant reduction in both incidence and severity of NEC |
Jacobs, et al 2013 | Determine effect of probiotics on NEC and late-onset sepsis | Prospective multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial | 1099 infants born at <32 completed weeks’ gestation and weighing <1500 g | Bifidobacterium infantis, Streptococcus thermophilis, Bifidobacterium lactis; containing 1 billion CFU given daily | Significant reduction in late-onset sepsis and significant decrease of NEC |
Hartel, et al 2014 | Determine effect of probiotics on outcome data | Observational cohort study using infants from German Neonatal Network | 5351 infants born at <30 completed weeks’ gestation and weighing <1060 g | Lactobacillus cidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis | Significant reduction in NEC surgery and any abdominal surgery |
References: 1. Underwood M, et al. Pediatr Res. 2014;76:326-332. 2. Groer M, et al. Microbiome. 2014;2:38. 3. Denning N, et al. Molecular Medicine. 2018;24:42018. 4. Underwood MA. J Pediatr Surg. 2019;54:405-412. 5. Patel RM, et al. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2018;27:39-46. 6. Yuan Z, et al. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0210609. 7. Athalye-Jape G, et al. Microb Biotechnol. 2019;12:249-253. 8. Athalye-Jape G, et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100:1508-1519. 9. Hoyos A. Int J Infect Dis. 1999;3:197-202. 10. Bin-Nun A, et al. J Pediatr. 2005;147:192-196. 11. Jacobs S, et al. Pediatrics. 2013;132:1055-1062. 12. Hartel C, et al. J Pediatr. 2014;165:285-289.
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